Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 1. Any child repeatedly affected by chromogenic bacteria will find that the. incorporated into the tooth and cannot be removed by patient or professional (except by whitening procedures). Can be found on the lingual & facial surfaces of the anterior teeth near the gingival margin. Distinct colonies isolated from dental swabs of children with black stained teeth were grown individually on oyster shell to identify the particular isolate responsible. b. Saliva ejector. fungi, chromogenic bacteria, biofilm and acquired pellicle, matallic and marijuana can stain it as well. Stains that occur on the external surface of the teeth and may be removed by oral prophylaxis. producing color or pigment. 047). False- stains on the teeth have no specific pathological effect on periodontal health. 42 ± 0. It can be diagnosed as pigmented, dark lines parallel to the gingival margin or as incomplete coalescence of dark dots rarely extending beyond the cervical third of the crown. 9%. Created by. The results suggest that the black material is a ferric salt, probably. When gum disease is present, it can lead to inflammation and infection that cause the gums to darken in color. Exposure to mercury, lead or manganese can additionally develop metallic stains on teeth. Tooth restoration: Teeth may seem to be black in color as a result of amalgam fillings and crowns, especially those that contain. After extensive online research I found an article suggesting that oregano oil should very good for oral health. -Black or Black-line Stain-Tobacco Stain-Brown Stains-Orange or Red Stain. Habits such as smoking or chewing tobacco can also cause the development of stain on teeth. Very embarrassing. Chromogenic bacteria (which appears as a thin line of black stain next to the gum line) is also a possible cause of stained teeth. Orange tooth stains typically occur near the gum line and are caused by the presence of chromogenic (photographic) bacteria or food buildup. Black line stain is usually related to a clean mouth. 1 BS has a reported prevalence between 1% and 20%, and it can occur at any age, although its prevalence appears to peak in childhood. the growth of the chromogenic bacteria that cause black stain. Green or Orange Stain: usually on your child's front teeth at the gum line. Created by. red . I had this severe problem of black stains caused by chromogenic bacteria on my teeth. green stain. Comparators: children without dental black stains. Can be fixed. An _____ stain is within the tooth. Buccal view of upper and lower anterior teeth before the bleaching procedure. Create. What causes chromogenic bacteria on teeth? Orange Stained Teeth. anterior facials? it RARELY appears on MX. posterior teeth. Extrinsic stains can be caused by: dark foods like blueberries. By Guest | 116 posts, last post 8 months ago. discoloration of teeth and restorations occur in 3 ways. Usually teeth are clean, iron compounds in saliva. A technique used to remove plaque and stains from the coronal surfaces of the teeth. chlorhexidine (brown) stain. It is an extrinsic stain that can be removed. For tartar. Chromogenic Bacteria stain on teeth . 3. Examples of least common extrinsic staining is ? orange, red, and metallic stains. Abstract. Black line stain. Examples of Extrinsic Stain. Black stain (BS) is considered a special form of dental plaque unique for its insoluble iron salts and high calcium and phosphate contents. Effect of bleaching agents on black tooth stains caused by chromogenic bacteria: 10 years follow-up case report Figure 1. DH ch 22 Dental Stains and Discoloration. softestpancake PLUS. Most of the studies also have focused on the chromogenic. Insight into patient oral hygiene habits. Black Line stain. Create. Most tooth stains are easy to remove, but a few develop as teeth are forming. Chromogenic bacteria from poor oral hygiene. A dietary cause like tea and coffee drinking can cause chromogenic stains if it is coupled with teeth that are inherently rougher. What are metallc stains. Chromogenic Bacteria stain on teeth . Stains that occur on the external surface of the tooth and may be removed by procedure of tooth brushing, scaling, and/or. Occurs sometimes as a result of taking drugs containing iron. No thickness -Found on cervical 1/3 near GM -follows gingival contour -mostly on lingual -Occurs most on max. calculus formation. Learn. Knowledge of the. Have client remove during toothbrush instruction and reinforcement. Cause unknown. -Chromogenic bacteria or fungi are retained and nourished in the biofilm where the green stain is produced. Yellow green black line tobacco chlorhexidine . black, green, orange. It presents as an incomplete line of dark dots formed at. Rare, seen on anterior teeth-produced by chromogenic bacteria. Some stains are small but others affect large areas, several teeth, or every tooth in the mouth. Try it freeStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is extrinsic (exogenous) stain, What at the different types of extrinsic stain, Black line stain and more. It may be clinically diagnosed as pigmented, dark lines parallel to the gingival margin or as an incomplete coalescence of dark dots rarely extending beyond the cervical third of the crown[]. Chromogenic bacteria, most often Actinomyces species, are well known to cause stains on teeth. This is a thin black line, firmly attached on tooth surface. Furthermore, the saliva of those with black lines tends to be richer in calcium. Chromogenic bacteria can blacken the biofilm between teeth. Common dental black stain treatments include scaling and polishing the teeth [6,9]. Home. Black stain More common in woman, may occur in excellent oral hygiene. Subjects. [1]What is black line stain. are reported with several drawbacks. Black Line Stain - Black stain following gingival margin, most commonly seen on lingual and proximal surfaces of max. stain removal techniques-depends on surface, calcification, tenaciousness-toothbrushing (stains in plaque or other soft deposits)Orange stain is due to chromogenic bacteria from poor oral self care. Dental Accretions: Hard and Soft Deposits. Of all the children involved, 6. Its aetiology is not completely understood, although the black pigmentation is likely to be an insoluble ferric salt precipitate, produced by. A technique used to remove plaque and stains from the coronal surfaces of the teeth. Location: follows gingival martini about 1mm from margin, cervical 1/3 Cause: commonly. In most cases, black line stains may be detected at the gumline. c. ) Small curved line following contour of gingival crest 2. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 99/year. If you are taking the dental hygiene board exams, try your best to memorize the summary of teeth staining below. common in children . 3 As summarised in Box 2, score 1 corresponds to the presence of pigmented dots or thin lines with incomplete Abstract and Figures. Source. Only way to remove it is by having a cleaning done by a hygienist. Black stain: is a thin black line, firmly attaches, tends to recur, common in woman, may occur in excellent hygiene. It could also mean that your child is a mouth breather. Flashcards. can incorporate into tooth surface. Erinhrmt. 1 / 218. Introduction. smeared and streaked . Children are especially prone to orange tooth stains, usually as a result of improper or infrequent brushing. Extrinsic dental black stain (BS) can appear as a complete or incomplete black line on the buccal and/or lingual surfaces of the teeth near the gingival margin 1. Also, drink water and swish the water around in your mouth after eating/drinking said staining items. chromogenic. The stains look like pigmented black lines along the gumline and are due to the presence of a form of bacterial plaque living in the child’s mouth. yellow stain. Learn. So far there is no significant and safe treatment available. Sign up. Baby teeth can develop a type of bacteria that causes brownish to black extrinsic stains on the surface of teeth. metallic stains. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is extrinsic (exogenous) stain, What at the different types of extrinsic stain, Black line stain and more. It presents as an incomplete line of dark dots formed at the cervical. Most common stain in children. can occur on primary or permanent teeth, more common in childhood, found in clean mouths, etiology is unknown, continous line that follows contour of gingivl margin. Learn. Upgrade to remove ads. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. -Due to tannin. Yellow: Yellow discoloration might be the most common. chromogenic bacteria. orange stain-extrinsic-chromogenic bacteria in plaque; associated with poor oral hygiene; typically located on anterior teeth. The blue line usually happens when a crown is placed and the cells of the gingival margin are not recieving air. Keeps teeth moist; nidus (center) for bacteria in plaque (dental biofilm) attachment of calculus to the tooth, at times. all ages get it . What can endogenous intrinsic stains be caused by?. Intrinsic Stains (In). Exogenous staining. Test. a) Allergy b) Makes plaque difficult to remove c) Stains clothes d) Patient may not like the taste a) Allergy This uncommon stain is generally found at the cervical third of anterior teeth and has an etiology of chromogenic bacteria. Most often seen in children with enamel irregularities. orange and red stains. It is caused by chromogenic bacteria e. metallic dusts, green teas, drugs (weed). Yellow stain. I wonder if it's because this bacteria is immune to good hygiene, so you're killing the bacteria that don't cause this stain,, allowing the black line stain bacteria to thrive. predisposing factors. Black Line Stain _____light brown to black Can be incorporated into calculus. The currently available methods for black stain prevention such as dental scaling, scraping and use of chemicals etc. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature to determine whether black stain presence could influence the prevalence or severity of dental caries in primary dentition. The condition is more common in children than adults. - Black line stain occurs despite regular personal care. Other than that, old restorations and fillings may sometimes form dark stains on their margins as a result of dental caries (tooth decay) . Some children have had luck using CloSys mouth rinse, as it targets sulfur producing bacteria. or Streaked following the grooves or lines of enamel. the metals adhere to the pellicle and other soft deposits or they penetrate the tooth surface to become part of the tooth structure several metals that can cause permanent. Which stain is more common in females. black line. 99/year. exogenous. chromogenic stains D. Black tooth stain is a type of extrinsic discoloration of the tooth. Cause: poor oral hygiene, dental biofilm retention, chromogenic bacteria, gingival hemorrhage Removed through polishing Remove with hydrogen peroxide and water (1:1), swish 10-20 seconds (removes chromogenic bacteria and biofilm). stains classified by source. Start studying Stains & Polishing. oral hygiene is poor. chromogenic bacteria (these color-producing bacteria. Chromogenic. pigmented dental biofilm, dark brown to black stain; follows the gingival crest; can be a wider band covering the gingival third; black in pits and fissures (compared to a calculus deposit). This recurrence may be attributed to. directed and indirect. Chromogenic bacteria can cause deposits on teeth different from usual dental plaque. continous line at cervical 1/3 near margin. Effect of bleaching agents on black tooth stains caused by chromogenic bacteria: 10 years follow-up case report Figure 1. 7 black-stained teeth. chromogenic bacteria - red stain more rare than orange. 4 to 1 6% of primary teeth. Learn. systemic developmental disturbances. chromogenic bacteria and gingival bleeding. difficult to remove and comes from chromogenic bacteria. caused by compounds, organic chromogens, attached to the pellicle producing a stain. It could also mean that your child is a mouth breather. These stains are firmly attached to the tooth and are difficult to remove with conventional toothbrush and toothpaste. Test. This type of bacteria can only be treated by a dentist. - discoloration depends on dose and type. Test. Terms in this set (20) Extrinsic. Learn. Sign up. meaning they are then incorporated within the tooth. Expert solutions. During coronal polishing. -primarily facial -chromogenic bacteria and fungi -Occur at any age -results from bad oral health care, chromogenic. . chromogenic (colored) bacteria and gingival bleeding . does black line stain appear on MX. Extrinsic stain that may appear as a small curved line following the contours of the facial gingival crest, Smeared irregularly over the whole facial surface,Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ways to Acquire Stain, Classification of Stain, Green Stain and more. Stains contained in calculus and soft deposits. Study EXAM 2: DENTAL STAINS flashcards. The discoloration appears in lines or dots. characteristics of green stain - black or brown. These bacteria, which can be detected in the mouth rather frequently, are known to be the cause of black line stains. The current study focuses on teeth blackening by chromogenic bacteria and various factors promoting the biofilm formation and its treatment by an alternative herbal approach. 3. This discolouration usually goes away when permanent teeth come in but if it does not disappear then you should get your child to a dentist. The thin black-brown lines on the teeth were observed and it has been suggested that this is a sign for a low caries index (3, 8). However, the association with the dmft index was not. Patients with black chromogenic stains with Lobene stains index score more than 1 in group A. The stain consists of tar products. This stain is a one-time occurrence and it happens when there is a lot of infected plaque in the mouth as patients begin using the Zellies Complete Mouth Care System. Biofilm-associated bacteria are resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Calcium is beneficial for teeth as it strengthens and remineralizes enamel. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar. Chromogenic bacteria (which appears as a thin line of black stain next to the gum line) is also a possible cause of stained teeth. It’ll help prevent some staining. Upgrade to remove ads. Stains which occur on the external surface of the tooth are. Constant circular motion 3-4 mm from tooth surface. Both primary and permanent teeth can be affected, with a reported prevalence of 1–20% (Ronay and Attin 2011). black line stain, Tobacco stain, Miscellaneous Brown stains,. fungi, chromogenic bacteria, biofilm and acquired pellicle, matallic and marijuana can stain it as well. Some scientific research suggests that it is associated with iron compounds (ferric sulfide) and betel leaf. What is generally noted about the appearance of teeth in relation to Black-line stain? They are frequently clean and shiny, with a tendency to lower incidence of. Green or Orange Stain: usually on your child's front teeth at the gum line. Over the last century, the etiology of black stain has been the subject of much debate. 3) Chromogenic bacteria 4) Any age, Primarily childhood; permanent or primary teeth 5) Depends on home care 6) Poor oral hygiene 7) Often demineralized teeth under green stain, not wise to scale these teeth, should polish instead 8) Check what drugs, where they work, or do they smoke marijuanaBlack line stain is usually related to a clean mouth. My 2 older daughter aged 10 and 12 are now oil pulling each night before brushing with 2 drops of oregano oil in 1 spoon of carrier oil. Preventing stained teeth. orange and red stains. It differs in etiology, appearance, composition, location and severity. poor OH, chromogenic bacteria, gingival hemorrhage, marijuana smokers. Upgrade to remove ads. Stain Pigmented substance, either on the surface of the tooth or within the tooth, that results in an abnormal discoloration of a tooth a) it can adhere directly to tooth surfaces b) it can be contained within calculus or soft deposits c) it can be incorporated in the tooth surfaceStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like how dental stains occur:, classification of stains:, exogenous stain and more. (they are not removable) (they are treated by bleaching, enamel microabrasion, cosmetic restorative procedures, laminate veneers, composite. Color of Stain. Stains adhereing directly to the teeth. separated by clear white line of unstained enamel that can occur on both primary and permanent teeth. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like extrinsic stain, intrinsic stain, exogenous and more. occurs within the tooth surface - not removed by mechanical means. Microbiota analysis. Fig 1. Brown stain. food/topical medication VIII. Sign up. In some. May also be associated with decalcification of the tooth under the stain. Few studies address dental black stain because the etiology has not been identified. Children are especially prone to orange tooth stains, usually as a result of improper or infrequent brushing. - Made up of chromogenic bacteria, decomposed hemoglobin, inorganic elements. Appearance: highly pigmented black or dark brown calculus (like stain) Occurrence: more common in females; adults or children; frequently found in clean mouths, recurs despite good OH Distribution: cervical 1/3 of teeth; follows contour of gingiva approx. Primary dentition with more than six black-stained teeth. This type of stain seems to be more prevalent in children. Terms in this set (15) extrinsic stains. Study sets, textbooks, questions. is characterized as dark lines or an incomplete coalescence of dark dots found mostly on cervical third of the crown and following the contour of the margin of the gingiva, which is firmly attached to the tooth surface. Embedded in the biofilm. Usually appear along cervical 1/3 mostly on anterior teeth from chromogenic bacteria. The most common is a black stain caused by Actinomyces species. Expert solutions. These deposits can cause tooth discoloration to black or even green and. or silver amalgam which is an outside source and intrinsically stain teeth. From chromogenic bacteria and decomposed hemoglobin. Study sets, textbooks, questions. stain within tooth structure or restorative material (1 & 2 can be removed by scaling or polishing) Importance of stain removal. Black tooth stain is a type of extrinsic discoloration of the tooth. Orange and red stains VII. Start studying Chapter 22: Stains. Stain incorporated within tooth structure or restorative material. - absorbed by the bones and teeth. DESCRIBE THE STAINS CAUSED FROM METALLIC DUST OF INDUSTRY . Thin black line, firmly. Preventing stained teeth is possible with a good care plan based on a dentist's recommendation. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Discoloration of the teeth and restorations occur in 3 general ways, Significance of Stains, Classification of Stains and more. can be removed. Results: The prevalence of black stain was 8. -specialized type of brown stain-caused by excessive fluoride intake-if it occurs during tooth development, the result is permanent staining-mild cases appear as white spots or dots in the enamel-severe cases appear as pitting and discolouration of the enamel-severity depends on the amount of fluoride ingestion and age it occurredStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What can certain stains evaluate of a person's oral health?, stain that is on the external surface of the tooth, stain that occurs within the tooth surface and more. 4%. 2. What instrument would you use on light supragingival calculus on anterior teeth? H5. The two ways a stain can be classified by location. Stain contained within calculus and soft tissue. One of the major causes of teeth blackening are the chromogenic bacteria which form biofilm in the teeth. Brownish stain on the tongue and tooth surfaces may result, 4. ex: yellow stain, green stain, black stain, orange & red stains. Area in. streaked following grooves or lines in the enamel. Home. Match. - location cervical third, anywhere in the oral cavity. New Reply Follow New Topic. green stain embedded in biofilm, primarily facial, primarily in children, poor oral hygiene, chromogenic bacteria, blood pigments decomposed by bacteria black line stainTechnique for airbrushing. The stains are absorbed onto tooth surface deposits such as plaque bacteria (white, sticky substance) that accumulate on teeth, especially around the gum line. gingiva characteristics with black-line stain. " Color-pale green. Composition and Formation of BLACK LINE STAIN-like calculus; composed of mo's embedded in an intermicrobial substanceBlack stain is characterized as a dark line or an incomplete coalescence of dark dots localized on the cervical third of the tooth. originates from chromogenic bacteria (which causes the color) metallic stain. The arrangement of teeth The form of the teeth The form of the gingiva Saliva Mastication Restorations. black line stain-tenacious stain, 1mm line along GM-lingual and proximal surfaces of max posteriors-iron supplements may cause this. No study on the antibacterial effects of VCO on the chromogenic bacteria that causes dental black stains. Most of the studies concerning this issue were conducted in pediatric population. on the outside surface of the tooth. Gravity. . The stain ones could have overtaken another type and that's why you're getting more stain now. Continuous line follows contour of gingival crest. Orange and red stains are rare, with red stains being rarer than orange stains, and occur from antibiotic use. Upgrade to remove ads. leah_m_royal Plus. gingivalis, contributed to the black pigmentation. PPE. - previously known as brown stain and makes teeth very strong - caused by excessive fluoride - embryo to around age 6Black stain is an extrinsic stain on the teeth of some paediatric patients, which appears as a line of non-cavitated pigmented dots with incomplete coalescence parallel to the gingival margin. Create. Log in. In a recent in vitro study, BLIS. HOW TO ELIMINATE BLACK STAINS. 3. This type of stain seems to be more prevalent in children. 2 AU? (An AU or astronomical unit is Earth's average distance from the sun; the sun and planets are represented by points of identical. Create. Knowledge of the. Green stain is most commonly found where? Black staining of teeth due to Chromogenic (coloured) bacteria can be a source of poor self-esteem for patients, especially children. Most of the studies concerning this issue were conducted in pediatric population. metals and metallic salts may be inhaled in industrial settings or taken orally in certain drugs, or comprise part of the material used to restore teeth. rare (red more than orange) chromogenic bacteria. Over the last century, the etiology of black stain has been the subject of much debate. Abstract. Examples of Intrinsic Endogenous stains-pulp death -tetracycline -dental fluorosis -hypocalcification -decalcification - genetic disturbances - environmental disturbances. dark pink= plaque. Start studying Stains, Selective Polishing, Disclosing. Cigarette smoking has been associated with a number of diseases, and all of them are far worse than simple staining of the teeth. The external surface, can be removed by polishing, scaling, and proper toothbrushing Can become intrinsic MOST COMMON Yellow stain. stains that occur on the external surface of the tooth. -Most frequently found on lingual and proximal surfaces of maxillary. Study sets, textbooks, questions. Yellow, Green, Black-Black line, Tobacco Stain, Brown Stains, Orange or Red Stain, Metallic, Stains associated with therapeutic agents. 'Black stain' is a form of extrinsic staining affecting the buccal and palatal surfaces of primary and permanent teeth. Study sets, textbooks, questions. 2163 Abstract Among the various pathologies of the oral cavity, the formation of "unsightly black spots" on the surface of. Black-line stain is a highly retentive black or darkbrown calculus-like stain that forms along the gingival third near the gingival margin. Extrinsic stain, fine line at gingival third, made of gram positive rods and other microorganisms. brown tobacco stain. - B: orange stain is less common than other types of stains. DISCUSSION. - Green stains are usually a result of poor oral hygiene and associated with chromogenic bacteria and gingival hemorrhage (the blood pigments from. only maxillary anterior bc requires sun. calculus mineralization sequence (mineralization is 3rd step_. Cosmetics/ esthetics. Chromogenic bacteria cause this. Start studying DH101- stains, selective, polishing, disclosing. *Too much fluoride *White spots of teeth. Poor oral hygiene can leave the teeth looking dull and yellow. Over the last century, the etiology of black stain has been the subject of much debate. Log in. 2 mathrm{AU} = 0. Flashcards. High tendency for recurrence: (1) Associated with low incidence of caries in children. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like location and removal, Extrinsic stains, Intrinsic stains and more. Yellowish or dark brown stains. It may also represent stained enamel cuticle (Nasmyth's membrane). extrinsic stains. copper or brass: green or bluish green stain iron: brown. , Exogenous extrinsic stain and more. Learn. }Composed of chromogenic bacteria, fungi, and decomposed hemoglobin. Linked to chromogenic bacteria & requires scaling to remove. 59 terms · Most stains occur on _______ of the teeth → The cervical 1/3, T/F: Stains incorporated within the tooth structure can be removed. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like where do extrinsic stains occur, where do intrinsic stains occur, where do exogenous stains develop and more. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like CHAPTER 22 - stains Stains occurring within the tooth structure that cannot be removed are A. endogenous- develop or originate from within the tooth. Can often be removed by tooth brushing, scaling & polishing. something that occurred while. Esthetics Retention - thick stain provide a rough surface for biofilm to collect Evaluation of patient homecare. Orange and red stains are rare, with red stains being rarer than orange stains, and occur from antibiotic use. Green stain resulting from poor oral hygiene B. It is possible that this patient’s child has the same type of Gram-positive chromogenic bacteria on his teeth, creating the same. -Results from poor oral hygiene, dental biofilm retention, chromogenic bacteria, and. On the other hand, black gums can be a sign of gum disease. -yellow stain-green stain-black line stain-tobacco stain-brown-betel leaf- Enamel under stain is sometimes demineralized as a result of cariogenic biofilm - Primarily on facial tooth surfaces; most frequently facial cervical third of maxillary anterior teeth - Chromogenic bacteria and fungi, decomposed hemoglobin, and inorganic elements - Primarily found in childhood but can occur at any ageIntroduction. Extrinsic stains. In the Future.